PD-1/PD-L1 Expression Could Be a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

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Varkal G., GURKAN E., BAĞIR E. K., METE B.

Eurasian Journal of Medicine, cilt.58, sa.4, ss.1-5, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus, TRDizin)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 58 Sayı: 4
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2026.251217
  • Dergi Adı: Eurasian Journal of Medicine
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, CINAHL, Directory of Open Access Journals, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM), Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-5
  • Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
  • Çukurova Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Background: In this research, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression patterns were examined to determine their prevalence and prognostic relevance among patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: Ninety-nine patients diagnosed with AML at the Hematology Department of Çukurova University Medical School between March 2009 and June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The expression levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in bone marrow biopsy samples were determined using immunohistochemical methods. Their correlations with clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment response, and survival data were analyzed. Results: PD-1/PD-L1 positivity (≥ 5%) was observed in 9.1% of the cohort (n=9). At the time of diagnosis, patients showing PD-1/PD-L1 expression exhibited significantly lower hemoglobin levels than those without expression (7.25 g/dL vs 8.80 g/dL; P = .017). Elevated PD-1/PD-L1 expression correlated with poorer over- all survival, with a median OS of 11 months (95% CI: 5.9-16.1) compared to 24 months (95% CI: 13.4-34.6) in the non-expressing group (P = .033). Conclusion: Although PD-1/PD-L1 expression was relatively infrequent among AML patients, positive cases had significantly poorer survival. These findings suggest that PD-1/PD-L1 expression may be associated with poorer clinical outcomes in AML; however, larger studies are needed to clarify its prognostic relevance.