Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
1st INTERNATIONAL TURKISH JAPANESE DENTAL CONGRESS, Ankara, Türkiye, 24 - 26 Haziran 2021, ss.68-69, (Özet Bildiri)
Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Zygomaticomaxillary Complex, Infraorbital Foramen Region and Condylar Morphology with Facial Symmetry in Unilateral CLP
Introduction/Purpose: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most common cranio-facial deformities. Although its etiology is not known exactly, it is thought that genetic and environmental factors cause this anomaly. Facial asymmetry, which is a common condition, can occur for various reasons. Asymmetry can be caused by congenital malformations, hereditary and environmental factors. In facial asymmetries, the patient group with the most prominent effect of heredity is CLP. Asymmetry can be seen in the middle and lower facial regions of this patient group. Skeletal and dentoalveolar asymmetries have been reported on the cleft side of the maxilla in individuals with CLP. The integrity and symmetry of the zygomatic complex contributes significantly to the overall face shape. Internal irregularity of the temporomandibular joint can alter the condylar morphology on the affected side, thus contributing to facial asymmetry. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the zygomaticomaxillary complex, infraorbital foramen region and condylar morphology with facial symmetry in patients with unilateral CLP using the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare this with the control group.
Method: CBCT images of 30 unilateral CLP patients and 30 healthy individuals were evaluated in this retrospective study. The control group was obtained from the retrospective images of patients who underwent CBCT for various reasons (impacted teeth, implant planning, etc.). To evaluate the zygomaticomaxillary complex symmetry; the distance between the most prominent point of the zygoma (malar eminence) and the vertical line drawn from the basion point was measured from the right-left sides in the axial section. To evaluate the symmetry in the infraorbital foramen region; the distance between the widest point of the infraorbital foramen and the vertical line drawn from the crysta galli of the ethmoid bone was measured from the right-left sides in the coronal section. Condylar morphology was categorized as convex, angled, straight and round according to the classification defined by Yale et al, and evaluated in coronal section. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software version 20.0.
Findings: In this retrospective study, zygomaticomaxillary complex and infraorbital foramen region measurements and condylar morphology evaluations of 60 patients were performed from the right and left sides using CBCT images. Zygomaticomaxillary complex and infraorbital foramen region measurements were significantly lower on the cleft sides of the study group (p <0.05). Zygomaticomaxillary complex and infraorbital foramen region measurements were significantly lower on the cleft side of the study group compared to the control group (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between the control group and the study group in terms of condylar morphology (p> 0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that individuals with CLP have asymmetry both on the zygomaticomaxillary complex and the infraorbital foramen region compared to control group. This condition creates a negative effect in terms of facial aesthetics. More comprehensive studies can be planned to investigate the relationship between condyle morphology and facial symmetry.
Keywords: Zygomaticomaxillary Complex, Infraorbital Foramen Region, Condylar
Morphology, Facial Symmetry, Unilateral CLP