Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Hodaj Akhmet Yassawi 4th international conference on scientific research, Ankara, Türkiye, 12 - 13 Şubat 2021, ss.414-415
In the last 30 years, genetic engineering applications have witnessed significant advances. New animals (transgenic animals) have emerged through gene transfer to animals. In traditional methods, mating took place only between members of the same species due to barriers. However, in recent years, scientists have used biotechnology to overcome these obstacles and make it possible to transfer genes between living things. Accordingly, new animal breeds have emerged for human health and benefit. Genetic engineering aims to increase animal productivity, feed utilization rate, disease resistance ability, increase animals ability to adapt to environmental conditions, improve or change animal products' properties. Using genetic engineering enables the desired characteristics to be obtained quickly and transfers genes between species that are not related to each other. When the gene encoding human growth hormone was introduced into the mouse genome, mice's mammary glands expressed this gene and human growth hormone was secreted in their milk. Today, milk production experiments containing proteins beneficial for human health are carried out from farm animals. However, one of the major disadvantages of gene transfer technology is that it causes many embryo deaths. It is also costly, time-consuming, and causes many congenital disabilities. Also, if genetically modified animals leak from laboratories and mix with animals, it leads to environmental instability.