Subcritical water extraction of Scorzonera rigida roots: Phytochemical analysis, optimized pyranocoumarin and triterpene synergy for MAO-A and MAO-B inhibition and environmental sustainability assessment
Microchemical Journal, cilt.230, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 230
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.microc.2026.119671
- Dergi Adı: Microchemical Journal
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Index Islamicus, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: MAO-A, MAO-B, Pyranocoumarins, Scorzonera rigida roots
- Çukurova Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Subcritical water extraction (sbcWE) was investigated as a sustainable alternative to conventional organic-solvent extraction for the recovery of bioactive metabolites from Scorzonera rigida L. roots. The effects of extraction temperature (100–190 °C) and pressure (6.0–8.1 MPa) on extraction yield, phytochemical composition, biological activity, and environmental sustainability were systematically evaluated. The highest extraction yield was obtained at 160 °C and 8.1 MPa (73.5%). GC–MS analysis revealed a temperature- and pressure-dependent distribution of pyranocoumarins and pentacyclic triterpenes, with decursinol angelate, decursinol tiglate, and decursin representing the dominant coumarin constituents. In addition, peucenol and its cyclized isomer were tentatively detected in S. rigida roots for the first time. The extracts demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against both MAO-A and MAO-B enzymes at the tested concentration, reaching 90.3% and 91.0% inhibition, respectively, depending on extraction conditions. Antioxidant activity determined by the DPPH assay reached 92.0%, although this activity did not directly correlate with the abundance of pyranocoumarins or triterpenes, indicating the probable contribution of additional phytochemical constituents. Correlation analysis revealed that extraction pressure significantly affected the relationship between chemical composition and enzyme inhibition profiles. Environmental assessment using the AGREEprep metric resulted in a greenness score of 0.56, supporting the sustainability of the proposed workflow. These findings demonstrate that subcritical water extraction provides an effective and environmentally responsible approach for generating chemically distinct S. rigida extracts with promising monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity