Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY, cilt.63, sa.6, ss.11876-11886, 2020 (Scopus)
Abstract: As one of the important agrotechnical methods providing an increase in cotton yield is sowing, producers began to intensively develop various technologies for sowing this valuable crop. An analysis of the information of an increase in the yield of cotton-wool, when sowing cotton seeds by point and wide-row methods did not give the expected result. To address this problem, a cluster cotton sowing methtod was evualated by considering the effectiveness of cluster cotton sowing (3 seeds per cluster), as well as the technical capabilities to carry out this process. To do this, a pneumatic sowing apparatus was deviced, its parameters and operating modes were substantiated by using theoretical mechanics and mathematical analysis. The study was carried out in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, from 2015 to 2018. During the experiment, the technological processes of the pneumatic apparatus with a disk rotating around the horizontal axis were studied which sows cotton seeds by the cluster method with a sowing disc at 120 to 125 mm intervals of seeds. Phenological observations were carried out on the example of the cotton variety “Sulton” (such as the distance between the clusters, the number of plants in the cluster, the elongation of the clusters, the distribution of clusters depending on the number of seeds in it, the accuracy of sowing and yield). The use of a pneumatic sowing apparatus with reasonable parameters and operating modes according to the above method of sowing made it possible only by improving the quality of sowing seeds and ensuring optimal plant stand density to reduce labor costs by 19.7 - 25.2%, increase the energy of seed germination to 75. .. 80%, increase the number of seedlings compared to conventional sowing by 27 ... 31%, reduce the time of emergence of seedlings from 20 ... 25 days to 10 ... 15 days compared to the wide-row dotted method of sowing, reduce the consumption of valuable seeds 1.8 ... 2.2 times, increase cotton productivity to 40 kg?ha-1. The economic effect of introducing a four-row planter with a pneumatic sowing apparatuses when sowing cotton seeds using the exact cluster method is at least 4 million soums per year.