Combined W/B co-doping and hybrid surface modification for advanced LiFePO4 cathodes
Journal of Materials Science, cilt.61, sa.37, ss.27944-27968, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 61 Sayı: 37
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s10853-026-13438-9
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Materials Science
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Applied Science & Technology Source, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, INSPEC, MEDLINE, Public Affairs Index, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.27944-27968
- Çukurova Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
A dual-modification approach was developed to tailor the bulk crystal structure and surface/interface characteristics of LiFePO4 cathodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. This approach was based on the idea that intrinsic constraints in lithium-ion transport and electrical conductivity frequently cannot be overcome by single-component modifications. A carbon–fluorine–titanium (C/F/Ti) hybrid surface modification was introduced together with W/B co-doping to modify both bulk and interfacial properties. W-containing species were associated with improved electronic transport characteristics, whereas boron incorporation was supported by enhanced structural stability of the polyanion framework. It is suggested that the Ti/F-containing surface layer provides a modified interfacial region that could protect the electrode surface and help Li+ transit. With a capacity retention of 91.12% after 300 cycles at 0.5 C, the optimized sample (BW@CFT) produced a discharge capacity of 165.40 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and 115.05 mAh g−1 at 5 C. The charge-transfer resistance was significantly lower (165.82 Ω) than the reference sample, according to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. These findings suggest that the combined bulk-surface modification approach can successfully enhance structural stability and electrochemical kinetics. A possible approach to develop high-rate LiFePO4 cathodes is provided by the suggested hybrid design.