Predictors of Response to Corticosteroid Therapy in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 176 Patients
Medicina (Lithuania), cilt.62, sa.10, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 62 Sayı: 10
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.3390/medicina62101915
- Dergi Adı: Medicina (Lithuania)
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Directory of Open Access Journals, Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: breast disease, corticosteroid therapy, idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, predictive factors, treatment response
- Çukurova Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background and Objectives: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign inflammatory breast disease with variable response to corticosteroid therapy. This study aimed to identify predictive factors for steroid responsiveness in IGM patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 176 patients with IGM treated at Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, between 2011 and 2024 was conducted. Patients were divided into steroid-responsive (Group 1, n = 100) and non-responsive (Group 2, n = 76) groups. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, and treatment history were compared using the chi-square test, Mann–Whitney U test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Mean age was 39.1 ± 7.6 years. Factors associated with steroid non-responsiveness included extramammary symptoms (40.8% vs. 26.0%, p = 0.038), recurrent disease (21.1% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.012), a higher number of previous attacks (median 2 vs. 1, p < 0.001), previous abscess drainage (31.6% vs. 14.0%, p = 0.005), previous surgical treatment (30.3% vs. 7.0%, p < 0.001), and longer steroid treatment duration (median 6 vs. 4 months, p = 0.006). Multivariate analysis identified recurrent disease (odds ratio [OR] = 0.283, p = 0.015), previous abscess drainage (OR = 0.307, p = 0.007), previous surgery (OR = 0.170, p = 0.001), and steroid treatment duration (OR = 0.880, p = 0.008) as independent predictors of poor steroid response. Conclusions: Steroid non-responsiveness in IGM is associated with disease recurrence, previous abscess drainage, previous surgical intervention, and prolonged steroid therapy. Alternative treatment modalities should be considered in patients with these characteristics.