BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA, vol.91, no.2, pp.209-213, 2003 (SCI-Expanded)
Background. Studies of pre-emptive analgesia in humans have shown conflicting results. This prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study was designed to test the hypothesis that a reduction in postoperative morphine consumption can be achieved by tramadol administered after induction of anaesthesia.