Introducing Beneficial Alleles from Plant Genetic Resources into the Wheat Germplasm

Sharma S., Schulthess A. W., Bassi F. M., Badaeva E. D., Neumann K., Graner A., ...Daha Fazla

BIOLOGY-BASEL, cilt.10, sa.10, 2021 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 10 Sayı: 10
  • Basım Tarihi: 2021
  • Doi Numarası: 10.3390/biology10100982
  • Dergi Adı: BIOLOGY-BASEL
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database, Directory of Open Access Journals
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: crop wild relatives, pre-breeding, crop improvement, germplasm enhancement, Aegilops, Triticum, plant genetic resources, genebank, FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT, SYNTHETIC HEXAPLOID WHEAT, WILD EMMER WHEAT, GENOMIC-ASSISTED PREDICTION, MALE-FERTILITY RESTORATION, STRIPE RUST-RESISTANCE, ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE, TURGIDUM SSP DICOCCUM, TRITICUM-POLONICUM L., F-SP TRITICI
  • Çukurova Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Many crops including wheat have a narrow genetic base after hundreds of years of breeding and selection. This makes it difficult to breed new varieties with increased yields to feed the growing global population, and with stronger tolerance to the wider range of biotic and abiotic stresses that are anticipated with climate change. Thus, there is a need to introduce new genetic diversity into wheat breeding programs. Plant genetic resources stored in genebanks and the wild relatives of crops are potential sources of new genetic diversity. Here, we discuss the importance of these resources for breeding new wheat cultivars, and outline where they are currently stored and used. We also discuss pre-breeding, where genetic regions associated with desirable traits are identified and transferred into materials ready for use in breeding programs. Pre-breeding in wheat, when conducted in close collaboration with breeders, farmers, and end-users, has contributed to many outstanding varieties and novel beneficial diversity. This review addresses various genetic and genomic considerations for the strategic transfer of this useful diversity.