Geological, Petrographic, and Mineralogical Characteristics of Basaltic Rocks in the Toprakkale (Osmaniye) Region


Sonsun H., Yapıcı N., Nurlu N.

10th International Aegean Congress on Innovation Technologies & Engineering, İzmir, Turkey, 5 - 07 September 2024, vol.1, pp.342-351

  • Publication Type: Conference Paper / Full Text
  • Volume: 1
  • City: İzmir
  • Country: Turkey
  • Page Numbers: pp.342-351
  • Çukurova University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

The aim of this study is to conduct a detailed geological, petrographic, and mineralogical analysis of the basaltic pumice and lava outcrops located in Türkmen town, Toprakkale district, Osmaniye Province. The conducted analyses reveal the mineralogical and petrographic composition and textural characteristics of these rocks, with the existing mineral structures being identified in detail. The basalts in the study area are generally classified into three types: pyroclastic, vesicular basalts (pumice), and columnar (massive) basalts. The first type, described as pyroclastic rocks, consists of volcanic pumice, tuff, and volcanic bombs, with diameters reaching up to approximately 1 meter. The second type of volcanic product is represented by vesicular pumice layers. In the lower levels of pumice-rich rocks, massive structures have been observed. These basalts generally exhibit intergranular porphyritic and ophitic textures, with pumice-type rocks containing abundant cooling vesicles. The massive basaltic rocks, which lack vesicles, are composed of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase microlites, and are found as a layer of 1.5 to 2.2 meters in thickness, overlying the pumice-type volcanic rocks.